Think you might be pregnant? Taking a pregnancy test is the first step to confirm your suspicions.

Pregnancy tests work by detecting the presence of a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is produced by the placenta shortly after a fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining.

There are two main types of pregnancy tests—blood tests and urine tests. Here’s how each one works, the differences between them, and when it’s best to take a pregnancy test.

How Pregnancy Tests Work

Both urine and blood pregnancy tests detect hCG in your body. After conception, your hCG levels start to rise, doubling approximately every 48 to 72 hours during early pregnancy. The hCG hormone is essential in supporting the growth of the pregnancy and is a reliable indicator of pregnancy in most cases.

Urine Pregnancy Tests

Urine pregnancy tests are the most commonly used and are available over the counter for home use or in a healthcare provider’s office.

These tests involve either placing the test strip or stick in your urine stream or dipping it into a cup of collected urine. Within minutes, the test will display a result, typically with lines, plus or minus symbols, or a digital readout that says “pregnant” or “not pregnant.”

• Advantages: Urine tests are convenient, affordable, and offer quick results. They can detect pregnancy the day of a missed period.
• Limitations: They may not detect lower levels of hCG very early in pregnancy, and improper use can lead to inaccurate results.

Blood Pregnancy Tests

Blood pregnancy tests are conducted in a healthcare setting and are more sensitive than urine tests. There are two types of blood tests:

Qualitative HCG Test

This test confirms whether or not hCG is present in your blood, similar to a urine test.

Quantitative hCG test

This test measures the exact amount of hCG in your blood, providing more detailed information about the pregnancy, including how far along you might be.

• Advantages: Blood tests can detect pregnancy earlier than urine tests—about 6 to 8 days after ovulation. Quantitative tests are especially useful in tracking the progression of the pregnancy.
• Limitations: Blood tests require a visit to a healthcare provider and may take longer to get results and be more expensive.

When to Take a Pregnancy Test

For the most accurate results, it’s best to take a pregnancy test after you’ve missed your period. At this point, your hCG levels should be high enough for detection.

If you have irregular cycles or are unsure when your period is due, wait at least two-four weeks after unprotected sex to take a test. For early detection, a blood test from your healthcare provider can confirm pregnancy sooner.

Where Can I Get Free Pregnancy Testing?

At Beginnings Care for Life Center, we offer free, lab-quality pregnancy testing to give you the clarity you need right now. If you think you might be pregnant, contact us today to schedule your confidential appointment. You’re not alone in this. We’re here for you.